Dive into the mesmerizing world of the best aquariums in the world. From interactive touch pools to breathtaking architectural marvels, these top aquariums offer a memorable experience for all ages. Explore their conservation efforts and must-see exhibits for a truly unforgettable visit.
Top Aquariums in the World
Aquariums offer a fascinating glimpse into the wonders of the ocean, allowing visitors to get up close and personal with a diverse range of marine life. Here, we will take a closer look at some of the top aquariums in the world, each offering its own unique and captivating experience.
Georgia Aquarium
Located in Atlanta, Georgia, the Georgia Aquarium is a true gem among aquariums. Spanning an impressive 10 million gallons of water, it is home to an incredible array of marine species. One of its standout exhibits is the Ocean Voyager, which features a massive tank that houses whale sharks, manta rays, and other majestic creatures. Visitors can even dive or snorkel with these gentle giants for a truly unforgettable experience.
Monterey Bay Aquarium
Nestled along the scenic California coastline, the Monterey Bay Aquarium is renowned for its commitment to conservation and education. This aquarium showcases the rich marine biodiversity of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Visitors can marvel at the mesmerizing kelp forests, observe playful sea otters, and even witness the incredible spectacle of a feeding frenzy in the Open Sea exhibit.
Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan
In the vibrant city of Osaka, Japan, the Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan stands as one of the largest aquariums in the world. Its unique design takes visitors on a journey through various habitats, starting from the surface and gradually descending to the depths of the Pacific Ocean. With exhibits featuring everything from penguins and dolphins to massive whale sharks, this aquarium offers a captivating experience for all ages.
Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo
Dubai is known for its grandeur and extravagance, and the Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo is no exception. Located within the Dubai Mall, this aquarium is home to a staggering collection of marine life. Visitors can walk through a mesmerizing underwater tunnel, surrounded by an abundance of colorful fish and majestic sharks. For the adventurous, there is even the opportunity to go cage diving and get up close with these incredible predators.
Vancouver Aquarium
Nestled in the heart of Stanley Park, the Vancouver Aquarium offers a unique blend of education, research, and conservation initiatives. Visitors can witness the incredible agility of dolphins during the daily shows, marvel at the grace of beluga whales, and learn about the importance of protecting marine ecosystems. The aquarium also offers exciting behind-the-scenes tours, providing a deeper understanding of the incredible work taking place behind the exhibits.
Aquarium of the Pacific
Located in Long Beach, California, the Aquarium of the Pacific is not just an aquarium, but also a hub for ocean exploration and conservation. With over 11,000 animals representing more than 500 species, this aquarium offers a diverse and immersive experience. From the vibrant coral reefs of the Tropical Pacific Gallery to the playful antics of sea otters, there is something to captivate everyone’s interest.
Lisbon Oceanarium
Situated in the beautiful city of Lisbon, Portugal, the Lisbon Oceanarium is the largest indoor aquarium in Europe. This architectural marvel is divided into several ecosystems, each showcasing the unique marine life found in different parts of the world. Visitors can wander through the mesmerizing central tank, which houses a variety of species, including sharks, rays, and sunfish. The aquarium’s focus on education and conservation makes it a must-visit for both locals and tourists.
Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium
Located in Okinawa, Japan, the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium is renowned for its massive Kuroshio Sea tank, one of the largest in the world. This tank is home to an impressive range of marine life, including majestic whale sharks and graceful manta rays. Visitors can also explore the surrounding exhibits that showcase the vibrant coral reefs and unique marine ecosystems found in the waters of Okinawa.
Through their unique offerings and commitment to education and conservation, these top aquariums provide visitors with an unforgettable experience. Whether it’s the awe-inspiring size of the tanks, the interactive exhibits, or the opportunity to witness rare and endangered species up close, each aquarium has its own charm and allure. So, why not dive into the fascinating world of marine life and embark on an unforgettable journey at one of these top aquariums?
Unique Features of the Best Aquariums
When it comes to aquariums, the best ones always stand out with their unique features and attractions. These aquariums offer an immersive experience that captivates visitors of all ages. Let’s explore some of the most fascinating and distinctive features found in the top aquariums around the world.
Giant Ocean Tank
One of the awe-inspiring features you’ll find in the best aquariums is the giant ocean tank. This massive tank is often the centerpiece of the aquarium, housing a diverse range of marine life. Imagine standing in front of a towering tank filled with colorful fish, majestic sharks, and graceful sea turtles. It’s like diving into the depths of the ocean without getting wet.
Underwater Tunnels
Step into an underwater wonderland as you walk through the mesmerizing underwater tunnels found in the best aquariums. These tunnels allow you to get up close and personal with marine creatures swimming all around you. It’s a surreal experience to feel as though you’re submerged in the ocean, surrounded by vibrant coral reefs and graceful sea creatures.
Interactive Touch Pools
For a hands-on experience, head to the interactive touch pools offered by the top aquariums. Here, you can gently touch and interact with various marine animals, such as starfish, sea urchins, and even friendly stingrays. It’s a fantastic opportunity for both children and adults to learn about the textures and behaviors of these fascinating creatures.
Dolphin and Seal Shows
Prepare to be amazed by the incredible talents of dolphins and seals in the captivating shows held at the best aquariums. These intelligent and playful animals showcase their remarkable abilities, from acrobatic flips to synchronized swimming routines. It’s a joyous spectacle that leaves the audience in awe and creates lasting memories.
Shark Exhibits
Get ready to face your fears as you encounter the mesmerizing shark exhibits found in the top aquariums. These exhibits provide a close-up look at various shark species, including the majestic great white shark and the graceful hammerhead shark. Learn about their importance in the marine ecosystem and dispel common misconceptions about these magnificent creatures.
Jellyfish Displays
Enter a realm of ethereal beauty with the mesmerizing jellyfish displays found in the best aquariums. These delicate creatures float gracefully in their specially designed tanks, showcasing their translucent bodies and trailing tentacles. The mesmerizing play of colors and gentle movements create a sense of tranquility and wonder, making it a favorite among visitors.
Coral Reefs
Dive into the vibrant world of coral reefs, brought to life in the best aquariums. These exhibits transport you to tropical waters teeming with life, showcasing the intricate and diverse ecosystems found in coral reefs. Marvel at the dazzling array of coral formations and the myriad of colorful fish that call these reefs their home.
Penguin Enclosures
Witness the playful antics of adorable penguins in their specially designed enclosures at the top aquariums. These enclosures mimic their natural habitats, complete with icy landscapes and crystal-clear waters. Watch as these charismatic birds waddle, slide, and dive with incredible agility, providing endless entertainment for visitors of all ages.
- Did you ever imagine walking through an underwater tunnel surrounded by marine life?
- Have you ever touched a starfish or a stingray in an interactive touch pool?
- Can you picture yourself witnessing the acrobatic talents of dolphins and seals in a captivating show?
- Are you ready to face your fears and come face to face with sharks in a thrilling exhibit?
- Can you imagine the tranquility and beauty of a jellyfish display?
- Have you ever marveled at the vibrant colors and diverse life in a coral reef?
- Do you find penguins adorable and would love to see them in their natural habitat?
Table:
| Unique Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Giant Ocean Tank | A massive tank housing a diverse range of marine life, serving as the centerpiece of the aquarium. |
| Underwater Tunnels | Mesmerizing tunnels that allow visitors to walk through and experience the sensation of being submerged in the ocean. |
| Interactive Touch Pools | Pools where visitors can interact with marine animals, such as starfish and stingrays, through gentle touching. |
| Dolphin and Seal Shows | Captivating shows showcasing the talents of dolphins and seals, including acrobatic flips and synchronized swimming routines. |
| Shark Exhibits | Exhibits providing a close-up look at various shark species, dispelling misconceptions and emphasizing their importance in the marine ecosystem. |
| Jellyfish Displays | Enchanting displays featuring delicate jellyfish floating in specially designed tanks, creating a sense of tranquility and wonder. |
| Coral Reefs | Vibrant exhibits showcasing the diverse ecosystems found in coral reefs, including coral formations and colorful fish. |
| Penguin Enclosures | Specially designed enclosures providing a glimpse into the natural habitats of penguins, complete with icy landscapes and crystal-clear waters. |
Conservation Efforts in Leading Aquariums
Aquariums play a crucial role in conservation efforts, taking on the responsibility of protecting and preserving our planet’s marine ecosystems. Through a variety of initiatives and programs, leading aquariums around the world are making a significant impact in safeguarding endangered species, conducting vital research, promoting sustainable practices, raising awareness, rehabilitating and releasing animals, and collaborating with marine conservation organizations. Let’s take a closer look at some of the remarkable conservation efforts undertaken by these top aquariums.
Breeding Programs for Endangered Species
One of the key conservation efforts undertaken by leading aquariums is the establishment of breeding programs for endangered species. These programs aim to increase the population of endangered marine animals and ensure their long-term survival. By creating suitable environments and implementing specialized care, aquariums are able to successfully breed and raise species that are at risk of extinction. For example, the Georgia Aquarium has been actively involved in breeding programs for species such as the beluga whale, African penguin, and sea turtle, contributing to the preservation of these vulnerable animals.
Research and Conservation Projects
In addition to breeding programs, aquariums are also actively engaged in conducting research and conservation projects. By studying the behavior, biology, and habitats of marine species, aquariums gather valuable data that can be used to develop effective conservation strategies. Research projects often involve collaborations with scientific institutions and universities, allowing experts to work together in understanding and protecting marine life. The Monterey Bay Aquarium, for instance, conducts extensive research on marine mammals, including sea otters and great white sharks, contributing to the scientific community’s knowledge of these magnificent creatures.
Sustainable Practices
Leading aquariums are committed to promoting sustainable practices both within their facilities and in the wider community. These practices include reducing energy consumption, implementing efficient waste management systems, and using sustainable materials in construction and maintenance. By adopting environmentally friendly practices, aquariums serve as role models for visitors and inspire them to make positive changes in their own lives. The Vancouver Aquarium, for example, has implemented numerous sustainability initiatives, including the use of renewable energy sources and the reduction of single-use plastics, demonstrating their dedication to minimizing their ecological footprint.
Education and Awareness Initiatives
Education and awareness initiatives are vital components of conservation efforts in leading aquariums. Through interactive exhibits, educational programs, and outreach activities, aquariums aim to educate visitors about the importance of marine conservation and inspire them to become stewards of the ocean. By fostering a sense of connection and understanding, aquariums empower individuals to make informed decisions and take action to protect marine life. The Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo, for instance, offers educational programs for schools and families, raising awareness about the fragile marine ecosystems and the need for their preservation.
Rehabilitation and Release Programs
Aquariums also play a crucial role in rehabilitating and releasing animals that have been injured or stranded. Through their veterinary teams and specialized facilities, aquariums provide medical care and rehabilitation for marine animals in need. Once the animals have recovered, they are released back into their natural habitats, contributing to the restoration of wild populations. The Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium in Japan, for example, has a rehabilitation program for injured sea turtles, ensuring their successful recovery and eventual return to the ocean.
Cooperation with Marine Conservation Organizations
Collaboration with marine conservation organizations is another important aspect of conservation efforts in leading aquariums. By partnering with these organizations, aquariums can pool their resources, expertise, and influence to address pressing conservation issues on a larger scale. Together, they work towards the protection of marine habitats, the enforcement of conservation laws, and the development of sustainable practices. The Lisbon Oceanarium in Portugal, for instance, collaborates with several marine conservation organizations, including the Oceanário de Lisboa Foundation, to support research and conservation projects focused on marine biodiversity.
Table: Endangered Species Conservation Breeding Programs
| Aquarium | Endangered Species |
|---|---|
| Georgia Aquarium | Beluga whale, African penguin, sea turtle |
| Monterey Bay Aquarium | Sea otter, great white shark |
| Vancouver Aquarium | Orca, sea lion, Pacific white-sided dolphin |
| Dubai Aquarium | Sand tiger shark, seahorse |
| Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium | Sea turtle, manta ray, whale shark |
| Lisbon Oceanarium | Monk seal, puffin |
Family-Friendly Activities at Top Aquariums
When it comes to family-friendly activities, top aquariums around the world go above and beyond to create an immersive and educational experience for visitors of all ages. From children’s play areas to behind-the-scenes tours, animal encounters, and learning programs, these aquariums offer a wide range of activities to keep the whole family entertained. Let’s dive into some of the exciting options available at these aquatic wonderlands.
Children’s Play Areas
Many top aquariums understand the importance of providing spaces where children can play and explore. These designated play areas are designed to engage young minds and foster a sense of wonder and curiosity about marine life. With interactive exhibits, climbing structures, and hands-on activities, kids can learn through play while having a blast.
Behind-the-Scenes Tours
For those who want to go beyond the glass and get a glimpse of what happens behind the scenes, aquariums often offer fascinating behind-the-scenes tours. Led by knowledgeable guides, these tours take visitors through the aquarium’s operations, giving them a closer look at the care and conservation efforts that go into maintaining these aquatic habitats.
Animal Encounters and Feedings
One of the most exciting experiences for families visiting top aquariums is the opportunity to have up-close encounters with marine animals. From feeding sharks and rays to touching stingrays and starfish, these interactive animal encounters create lasting memories and provide a deeper understanding of marine life. Knowledgeable staff members are always on hand to ensure the safety and well-being of both visitors and animals.
Learning Programs for Kids
Aquariums recognize the importance of education in inspiring the next generation of marine enthusiasts. They offer a variety of learning programs specifically designed for kids, such as marine biology workshops, art classes, and science experiments. These programs not only teach children about marine ecosystems and conservation but also encourage critical thinking and creativity.
Interactive Exhibits
Interactive exhibits are a highlight of any visit to a top aquarium. These exhibits allow visitors to engage with marine life in unique ways, such as virtual reality experiences, touch screens, and interactive displays. Whether it’s simulating a dive into the depths of the ocean or creating your own virtual reef, these exhibits provide an immersive and educational experience that captivates visitors of all ages.
Summer Camps and Workshops
During the summer months, many aquariums offer specialized camps and workshops for children. These programs allow kids to spend extended periods of time at the aquarium, participating in hands-on activities, behind-the-scenes tours, and even overnight sleepovers. Led by experienced educators, these camps provide a fun and educational way for children to explore the wonders of the underwater world.
Sleepovers and Overnight Programs
Imagine spending a night surrounded by marine life! Some top aquariums offer sleepover programs where families can spend the night in close proximity to the exhibits. From sleeping next to a shark tank to waking up to the gentle sway of jellyfish, these overnight adventures create unforgettable memories and a deeper appreciation for the wonders of the ocean.
| Aquarium Activity | Description |
|---|---|
| Children’s Play Areas | Designated areas within the aquarium where children can play, explore, and learn through interactive exhibits and hands-on activities. |
| Behind-the-Scenes Tours | Fascinating guided tours that take visitors behind the scenes of the aquarium, providing a closer look at the operations and conservation efforts. |
| Animal Encounters | Up-close and personal experiences that allow visitors to interact with marine animals, including feeding sharks and rays, touching stingrays and starfish, and learning about their habitats and behaviors. |
| Learning Programs for Kids | Educational programs designed specifically for children, such as marine biology workshops, art classes, and science experiments, that aim to teach them about marine ecosystems, conservation, and critical thinking. |
| Interactive Exhibits | Exhibits that engage visitors through interactive displays, touch screens, and virtual reality experiences, allowing them to dive into the depths of the ocean and create their own virtual reef. |
| Summer Camps and Workshops | Specialized camps and workshops offered during the summer months, providing children with extended periods of time at the aquarium to participate in hands-on activities, behind-the-scenes tours, and overnight sleepovers. |
| Sleepovers and Overnight Programs | Unique overnight experiences where families can spend the night in close proximity to the aquarium exhibits, allowing them to sleep next to a shark tank or wake up to the gentle sway of jellyfish, creating lasting memories and a deeper appreciation for marine life. |
Architectural Marvels in the Best Aquariums
When it comes to aquariums, it’s not just about the fascinating marine life that resides within their tanks. The architectural design of these aquatic wonders is often as breathtaking as the creatures they house. From unique building designs to innovative structures that immerse visitors in an underwater world, the top aquariums around the globe boast architectural marvels that leave visitors in awe.
Unique Building Designs
One of the standout features of the best aquariums is their unique building designs. These architectural wonders are not only functional but also serve as works of art in their own right. Take for example the Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta, which is housed in a striking building resembling a ship, complete with a glass atrium that allows natural light to flood the space. This design not only provides a visually stunning experience but also creates a sense of wonder as visitors step inside.
Underwater Viewing Domes
Imagine being surrounded by the mesmerizing beauty of marine life, with only a thin layer of glass separating you from the underwater world. This is made possible by the inclusion of underwater viewing domes in some of the best aquariums. These domes allow visitors to immerse themselves in the aquatic environment and see marine creatures from a unique perspective. The Monterey Bay Aquarium in California, for example, features an impressive underwater dome that offers a 360-degree view of the ocean, giving visitors a front-row seat to the wonders of the deep sea.
Floating Walkways
Another architectural marvel found in top aquariums is the use of floating walkways. These walkways create the illusion of walking on water, adding an extra element of excitement to the visitor experience. As you stroll along these ethereal pathways, you can gaze down and see marine life swimming beneath your feet. The Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan in Japan is renowned for its floating walkway, which takes visitors on a captivating journey through various aquatic habitats, including the mesmerizing world of jellyfish.
Suspended Tanks
One of the most awe-inspiring architectural features found in the best aquariums is the use of suspended tanks. These tanks, as the name suggests, are suspended from the ceiling, giving the impression that the marine life within is floating in mid-air. This design creates a sense of wonder and allows for a unique viewing experience. The Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo is a prime example of this architectural marvel, with its suspended tank that is home to an array of colorful fish and even sharks. Visitors can walk through a transparent tunnel and marvel at these magnificent creatures swimming above them.
Glass Tunnels
Walking through a glass tunnel surrounded by water on all sides is an experience like no other. Some of the best aquariums in the world incorporate glass tunnels into their design, allowing visitors to feel completely immersed in the marine environment. The Vancouver Aquarium in Canada is renowned for its glass tunnel, which takes visitors on an underwater journey through a vibrant coral reef ecosystem. As you walk through the tunnel, you can admire the beauty of tropical fish, vibrant coral, and even majestic sea turtles, all while feeling like you’re a part of their world.
Outdoor Aquatic Habitats
In addition to their captivating indoor exhibits, the best aquariums also boast outdoor aquatic habitats that seamlessly blend with their surroundings. These habitats provide a natural and sustainable environment for marine life, while also allowing visitors to enjoy the beauty of the outdoors. The Aquarium of the Pacific in California is known for its stunning outdoor exhibits, which feature Pacific Northwest marine life and provide a unique opportunity to learn about the delicate balance of ecosystems.
Living Roofs and Gardens
Some of the top aquariums in the world go beyond their aquatic exhibits and incorporate living roofs and gardens into their design. These green spaces not only beautify the surroundings but also contribute to the overall sustainability of the aquarium. The Lisbon Oceanarium in Portugal, for example, features a living roof that is covered in vegetation, providing insulation and reducing energy consumption. This innovative design showcases the aquarium’s commitment to environmental conservation and serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of all living things.
Table:
| Aquarium | Architectural Marvels |
|---|---|
| Georgia Aquarium | Unique Building Designs |
| Monterey Bay Aquarium | Underwater Viewing Domes |
| Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan | Floating Walkways |
| Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo | Suspended Tanks |
| Vancouver Aquarium | Glass Tunnels |
| Aquarium of the Pacific | Outdoor Aquatic Habitats |
| Lisbon Oceanarium | Living Roofs and Gardens |
Must-See Exhibits at the Top Aquariums
Beluga Whale Encounter
One of the most captivating exhibits you shouldn’t miss at the top aquariums is the Beluga Whale Encounter. These majestic creatures, also known as “sea canaries” due to their melodic vocalizations, are a favorite among visitors of all ages. As you step into their habitat, you’ll be greeted by their friendly and curious nature.
During the Beluga Whale Encounter, you’ll have the opportunity to learn about these remarkable animals from knowledgeable trainers and educators. Discover fascinating facts about their behavior, intelligence, and conservation efforts to protect their natural habitats. You’ll be amazed by their playful antics and graceful movements as they glide effortlessly through the water.
Coral Triangle Exhibit
Prepare to be transported to a world of vibrant colors and awe-inspiring biodiversity at the Coral Triangle Exhibit. This exhibit showcases the breathtaking beauty of coral reefs, which are often referred to as the rainforests of the sea. Immerse yourself in the wonders of this underwater paradise, where you’ll encounter a mesmerizing array of coral species and tropical fish.
As you wander through the exhibit, you’ll witness the symbiotic relationship between corals and the diverse marine life that depends on them. Marvel at the intricate structures and delicate formations of the corals, which provide shelter and food for countless species. The Coral Triangle Exhibit is a reminder of the importance of preserving these fragile ecosystems and the urgent need for conservation efforts.
Amazon Rainforest Showcase
Step into the lush and verdant world of the Amazon Rainforest Showcase, where you’ll embark on a journey through one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth. This immersive exhibit brings the sights, sounds, and scents of the rainforest to life, allowing you to experience the magic of this unique ecosystem.
Explore the towering trees, dense foliage, and cascading waterfalls that make the Amazon so extraordinary. Encounter fascinating creatures like jaguars, anacondas, and colorful birds that call this incredible habitat their home. Learn about the importance of rainforest conservation and the efforts being made to protect this precious ecosystem from deforestation and illegal wildlife trade.
Great Barrier Reef Display
No visit to the top aquariums would be complete without exploring the Great Barrier Reef Display. As the largest coral reef system in the world, this iconic natural wonder is a sight to behold. Immerse yourself in a kaleidoscope of colors as you encounter an array of coral formations and a dazzling array of marine life.
From vibrant clownfish to graceful sea turtles and majestic manta rays, the Great Barrier Reef Display offers a glimpse into the rich biodiversity that thrives within its waters. Learn about the challenges facing this fragile ecosystem, including coral bleaching and ocean acidification, and discover the innovative conservation initiatives aimed at preserving its beauty for future generations.
Arctic and Antarctic Zones
Escape to the polar regions at the Arctic and Antarctic Zones, where you’ll come face to face with the wonders of the icy wilderness. These exhibits recreate the harsh yet mesmerizing environments of the Arctic and Antarctic, allowing you to witness the resilience of the animals that call these regions home.
Marvel at the graceful movements of penguins as they navigate through the icy waters and waddle on land. Observe the majestic polar bears as they roam their frozen territories, showcasing their incredible adaptations to survive in extreme conditions. Gain a deeper understanding of the impacts of climate change on these sensitive ecosystems and the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect these fragile habitats.
Deep-Sea Exhibits
Explore the mysteries of the deep sea in the captivating exhibits dedicated to this enigmatic realm. Descend into the depths and discover the bizarre and fascinating creatures that inhabit the darkest corners of the ocean. From anglerfish with their bioluminescent lures to elusive giant squid, these exhibits offer a glimpse into a world rarely seen by humans.
Learn about the cutting-edge technologies and research expeditions that have unveiled the secrets of the deep sea. Delve into the interconnectedness of marine ecosystems and the importance of protecting these remote and fragile environments from human impacts.
Ocean Sunfish Tank
Prepare to be awestruck by the sheer size and unique appearance of the ocean sunfish, also known as the Mola Mola. These peculiar creatures are the heaviest bony fish in the world, with a flattened body and a distinctive circular shape. Their gentle nature and peculiar appearance make them a favorite among visitors.
In the Ocean Sunfish Tank, you’ll have the opportunity to observe these gentle giants up close. Marvel at their enormous size as they gracefully glide through the water, their dorsal fin breaking the surface. Learn about their life cycle, feeding habits, and the challenges they face in the wild, including entanglement in fishing gear and plastic pollution.
In conclusion, the must-see exhibits at the top aquariums offer a captivating and educational experience for visitors of all ages. From the enchanting Beluga Whale Encounter to the vibrant Coral Triangle Exhibit and the awe-inspiring Great Barrier Reef Display, these exhibits provide a window into the wonders of the underwater world. Whether you find yourself exploring the polar regions, delving into the mysteries of the deep sea, or marveling at the ocean sunfish, these exhibits are sure to leave you with a deeper appreciation for the beauty and fragility of our oceans. So, dive in and embark on an unforgettable journey through these extraordinary aquatic realms.
